The 485 Temporary Graduate Visa: Where It Stands in 2026

Visa Intelligence

The 485 Temporary Graduate Visa: Where It Stands in 2026

A data-driven overview of Australia’s post-study work visa — the numbers, the changes, and what’s ahead.

Author: Jan Karel Bejcek Date: 25 March 2026 Read: 7 min Topics: Migration Agents, Policy, Subclass 485

The Subclass 485 Temporary Graduate visa has been one of the most dynamic parts of Australia’s migration system over the past five years. From COVID-era expansions to 2024’s tightening measures and the March 2026 fee doubling, this visa class tells the story of Australia’s shifting approach to international education and skilled migration.

This overview consolidates the key statistics, policy developments, and forward indicators that migration agents and education providers need to understand the current state of the 485 program.

What Is the 485 Visa?

The Temporary Graduate visa (Subclass 485) allows international students who have completed eligible studies in Australia to live, work, and study temporarily after graduation. It serves as a bridge between study and either departure, skilled migration, or employer sponsorship.

Post-Higher Education Work

For graduates with a bachelor’s degree or above from an Australian institution.

  • No occupational restrictions
  • 2-3 years depending on qualification
  • Most common stream
Post-Vocational Education Work

For graduates with diploma or trade qualifications related to skilled occupation lists.

  • Skills assessment required
  • 18 months duration
  • Occupation must be on MLTSSL

485 Visa Holders: The Numbers

The 485 visa holder population has grown 154% from pre-COVID levels, peaking in late 2024 before stabilising:

485 Visa Holders in Australia
Dec 2019
89,000
Dec 2020
85,000
Dec 2021
78,000
Dec 2022
165,000
Dec 2023
195,000
Sep 2024 ▲
228,700
Dec 2024
206,187
Dec 2025
225,751

Source: Department of Home Affairs, Temporary Visa Holders in Australia (BP0019)

Key context: The 2022-23 spike reflects the Albanese government clearing a backlog of 60,000+ unprocessed applications, combined with COVID-era policy settings that extended visa lengths and relaxed requirements.

Where 485 Holders Come From

The composition of 485 visa holders differs significantly from the broader student population. People from South Asian countries comprise approximately 60% of 485 visa holders but only 37% of students — indicating higher propensity to apply for post-study work rights.

Country 485 Rank Student Rank Key Observation
🇮🇳 India #1 #2 Highest 485 uptake, high dependant ratio
🇳🇵 Nepal #2 #3 1 in 3 holders are dependants
🇨🇳 China #3 #1 Lower 485 uptake despite largest student cohort
🇵🇰 Pakistan #4 #5 1 in 3 holders are dependants
🇵🇭 Philippines #5 #6 Growing share in both categories
🇱🇰 Sri Lanka #6 #7 High dependant ratio
🇭🇰 Hong Kong #10 #17 5-year visa eligibility, political factors

Dependants trend: The share of primary visa holders (the actual graduates) has decreased from 75-80% to 70-72%. For some source countries, 1 in 3 visa holders are now partners or children of the primary applicant.

Policy Timeline: How We Got Here

The 485 program has swung from expansion to contraction over the past five years:

Expansion Phase (2021-2023)
Late 2021
Morrison government extended masters 485 from 2 to 3 years
Jul 2022
Skills assessment requirement suspended for vocational stream (until June 2023)
2022-23
Albanese government cleared 60,000+ visa application backlog
Jul 2023
Extended post-study work rights for skills shortage degrees (4-6 years)
Contraction Phase (2024-2026)
Nov 2023
Online study no longer counts toward Australian study requirement
Dec 2023
Migration Strategy announced with comprehensive 485 reforms
Mar 2024
English requirement increased from IELTS 6.0 to 6.5
Jul 2024
Age limit reduced from 50 to 35 years; Visa durations shortened; Extended work rights abolished; 485 holders barred from onshore student visa applications
Mar 2026
Visa application fee doubled from $2,300 to $4,600

Current 485 Settings (March 2026)

Requirement Current Setting
Age limit Under 35 (under 50 for research degrees and HK/BNO holders)
English requirement IELTS 6.5 overall, 5.5 each component (6.0 for HK/BNO)
Test validity 12 months (reduced from 3 years)
Duration (Higher Ed) 2 years (bachelor/masters coursework), 3 years (research/PhD)
Duration (VET) 18 months
Duration (HK/BNO) Up to 5 years
Application fee $4,600 (doubled from $2,300 on 1 March 2026)
Dependant fee (18+) $2,300
Visa hopping 485 holders cannot apply onshore for student visas
Total Upfront Cost (Single Applicant)
VAC + health + police + English + insurance $6,200 – $7,000+

The Pipeline: What’s Coming

The current 225,000 onshore 485 holders reflect student cohorts from 2022-23. Looking forward, the pipeline is contracting:

↓ 26%
Student visa lodgements
2024-25 vs prior year
↓ 31%
485 visa applications
2024-25 vs prior year
↓ 50%
VET & ELICOS visa grants
year-on-year
306K
Net overseas migration
down from 555K peak

What this means: The 2023-24 commencing students who will become eligible for 485 visas in 2025-26 are from a larger cohort. However, from 2026-27 onwards, the pipeline narrows significantly as the reduced student intake flows through.

Factors that will reduce future 485 numbers:
  • Age limit (35) excludes ~10% of potential applicants
  • Higher English requirements (IELTS 6.5) create additional barrier
  • Shorter visa durations mean faster turnover
  • Doubled fee ($4,600) may deter marginal applicants
  • Visa-hopping closure removes extension pathway
  • Reduced student intake flows through from 2026-27

Where 485 Holders Go Next

The 485 visa is designed as a bridge — but the destinations have narrowed:

Permanent Residence (Skilled)
Subclass 190 (state nominated) is the primary route; Subclass 189 (independent) has reduced allocations. PR grants to former 485 holders stable in 2023-24.
Employer Sponsorship
Subclass 482 (Skills in Demand) remains available. 2,494 granted to former 485 holders in 2023-24.
Student Visa (Closed)
From 1 July 2024, 485 holders cannot apply onshore for student visas. This was previously a common extension pathway.
COVID Visa 408 (Closed)
Closed to new applicants 1 February 2024. Previously allowed extended stay during COVID period.

Key Takeaways

Current numbers are a lagging indicator — the 225,000 onshore reflect 2022-23 student cohorts, not current intake
The pipeline is already contracting — student lodgements down 26%, 485 applications down 31%
South Asian graduates dominate — 60% of 485 holders from South Asia despite 37% student share
Dependants are growing — 1 in 5 holders are partners/children (1 in 3 for some countries)
Policy has shifted from expansion to contraction — age limits, English requirements, shorter durations, higher fees
Post-485 pathways have narrowed — visa hopping closed, 408 closed, PR allocations tightened

For migration agents and education providers, the 485 visa requires ongoing attention. The settings have changed significantly, the pipeline is shifting, and client expectations need to be managed accordingly.

Managing 485 applicants across changing policy settings requires systems that track eligibility, document compliance, and maintain clear audit trails.

See how Educli supports compliant practice →

Data sources: Department of Home Affairs visa statistics, ABS Net Overseas Migration, data.gov.au (BP0019), Home Affairs Migration Trends Report 2024-25, Jobs and Skills Australia International Students Outcomes Study

Jan Karel Bejcek is the founder of Educli, a workflow management and compliance platform for CRICOS providers and migration agents.

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